Siliko

Silicon
	14Si
	aluminium ← silicon → phosphorus
Panagway
	crystalline, reflective with bluish-tinged faces; ; ; Spectral lines of Silicon
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan	silicon, Si, 14
Paglitok	/ˈsɪlᵻkən/ [[Help:Pronunciation respelling key\|Plantilya:Smallcaps all-ə-kən]] or /ˈsɪlᵻkɒn/ [[Help:Pronunciation respelling key\|Plantilya:Smallcaps all-ə-kon]]
Kategoriyang elemento	metalloid
Group, period, block	14, 3, p
Gibug-aton sa atomo	28.085(1)
Kontorno sa elektron	[Ne] 3s2 3p2; 2, 8, 4 Electron shells of silicon (2, 8, 4)
History
Prediction	Antoine Lavoisier (1787)
Pagkadiskobre	Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1823)
First isolation	Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1823)
Named by	Thomas Thomson (1817)
Physical properties
Phase	magahi
Density (near r.t.)	2.3290 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	2.57 g·cm−3
Melting point	1687 K, 1414 °C, 2577 °F
Boiling point	3538 K, 3265 °C, 5909 °F
Heat of fusion	50.21 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	359 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	19.789 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4, 3, 2, 1 -1, -2, -3, -4; (amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	1.90 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies; (more)	1st: 786.5 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1577.1 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 3231.6 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	111 pm
Covalent radius	111 pm
Van der Waals radius	210 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	diamond cubic
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 103Ω·m
Thermal conductivity	149 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 2.6 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 8433 m·s−1
Young's modulus	130-188 GPa
Shear modulus	51-80 GPa
Bulk modulus	97.6 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.064 - 0.28
Mohs hardness	7
CAS registry number	7440-21-3
Band gap energy at 300 K	1.12 eV
Most stable isotopes
	Main article: Isotopes of silicon
	v; t; e; · r

Ang siliko (Iningles silicon) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Si ug kaiphan nga atomik 14. Ang siliko mao ang metalloid.

Ang mga gi basihan niini

↑ Weeks, Mary Elvira (1932). "The discovery of the elements: XII. Other elements isolated with the aid of potassium and sodium: beryllium, boron, silicon, and aluminum". Journal of Chemical Education. 9 (8): 1386–1412.
↑ Voronkov, M. G. (2007). "Silicon era". Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 80 (12): 2190. doi:10.1134/S1070427207120397.
↑ Ram, R. S.; et al. (1998). "Fourier Transform Emission Spectroscopy of the A2D–X2P Transition of SiH and SiD" (PDF). J. Mol. Spectr. 190: 341–352. PMID 9668026. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)
↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
↑ Physical Properties of Silicon. New Semiconductor Materials. Characteristics and Properties. Ioffe Institute
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 [1] Hopcroft, et al., "What is the Young's Modulus of Silicon?" IEEE Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 2010

Galeriya sa hulagway

[1] Weeks, Mary Elvira (1932). "The discovery of the elements: XII. Other elements isolated with the aid of potassium and sodium: beryllium, boron, silicon, and aluminum". Journal of Chemical Education. 9 (8): 1386–1412.

[2] Voronkov, M. G. (2007). "Silicon era". Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 80 (12): 2190. doi:10.1134/S1070427207120397.

[3] Ram, R. S.; et al. (1998). "Fourier Transform Emission Spectroscopy of the A2D–X2P Transition of SiH and SiD" (PDF). J. Mol. Spectr. 190: 341–352. PMID 9668026. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)

[4] Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[ioffe-5] Physical Properties of Silicon. New Semiconductor Materials. Characteristics and Properties. Ioffe Institute

[hopcroft-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 [1] Hopcroft, et al., "What is the Young's Modulus of Silicon?" IEEE Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 2010

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