Tulyo

Ang tulyo (Iningles thulium) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Tm ug kaiphan nga atomik 69. Ang tulyo mao ang puthaw nga lantanido.

Thulium
69Tm
- ↑ Tm ↓ Md Periodic table erbium ← thulium → ytterbium
Panagway
silvery gray
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan	thulium, Tm, 69
Paglitok	/ˈθjuːliəm/ [[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|Plantilya:Smallcaps all-lee-əm]]
Kategoriyang elemento	puthaw nga lantanido
Group, period, block	n/a, 6, f
Gibug-aton sa atomo	168.93421
Kontorno sa elektron	[Xe] 4f13 6s2 2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2 Electron shells of thulium (2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2)
History
Pagkadiskobre	Per Teodor Cleve (1879)
First isolation	Per Teodor Cleve (1879)
Physical properties
Phase	magahi
Density (near r.t.)	9.32 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	8.56 g·cm−3
Melting point	1818 K, 1545 °C, 2813 °F
Boiling point	2223 K, 1950 °C, 3542 °F
Heat of fusion	16.84 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	247 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	27.03 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1117 1235 1381 1570 (1821) (2217)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	2, 3, 4 (basic oxide)
Electronegativity	1.25 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 596.7 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1160 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 2285 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	176 pm
Covalent radius	190±10 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic at 300 K
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (poly) 676 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	16.9 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(r.t.) (poly) 13.3 µm/(m·K)
Young's modulus	74.0 GPa
Shear modulus	30.5 GPa
Bulk modulus	44.5 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.213
Vickers hardness	520 MPa
Brinell hardness	471 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-30-4
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of thulium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 167Tm syn 9.25 d ε 0.748 167Er 168Tm syn 93.1 d ε 1.679 168Er 169Tm 100% 169Tm is stable with 100 neutrons 170Tm syn 128.6 d β− 0.968 170Yb 171Tm syn 1.92 y β− 0.096 171Yb

Galeriya sa hulagway

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