Niyobyo

(Naredirek gikan sa Niobium)

Ang niyobyo (Iningles niobium) usa ka elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Nb ug atomikong numero nga 41. Ang niyobyo mao ang puthaw nga transisyon.

Niobium
41Nb
V

Nb

Ta
Hydrogen (other non-metal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (other non-metal)
Nitrogen (other non-metal)
Oxygen (other non-metal)
Fluorine (halogen)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (other non-metal)
Sulfur (other non-metal)
Chlorine (halogen)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (other non-metal)
Bromine (halogen)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (halogen)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanoid)
Cerium (lanthanoid)
Praseodymium (lanthanoid)
Neodymium (lanthanoid)
Promethium (lanthanoid)
Samarium (lanthanoid)
Europium (lanthanoid)
Gadolinium (lanthanoid)
Terbium (lanthanoid)
Dysprosium (lanthanoid)
Holmium (lanthanoid)
Erbium (lanthanoid)
Thulium (lanthanoid)
Ytterbium (lanthanoid)
Lutetium (lanthanoid)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (halogen)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinoid)
Thorium (actinoid)
Protactinium (actinoid)
Uranium (actinoid)
Neptunium (actinoid)
Plutonium (actinoid)
Americium (actinoid)
Curium (actinoid)
Berkelium (actinoid)
Californium (actinoid)
Einsteinium (actinoid)
Fermium (actinoid)
Mendelevium (actinoid)
Nobelium (actinoid)
Lawrencium (actinoid)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)
zirconiumniobiummolybdenum
Panagway
gray metallic, bluish when oxidized
A lump of gray shining crystals with hexagonal facetting
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan niobium, Nb, 41
Paglitok /nˈbiəm/
[[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|ny-Plantilya:Smallcaps all-bee-əm]];
/kəˈlʌmbiəm/
[[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|kə-Plantilya:Smallcaps all-bee-əm]]
Kategoriyang elemento puthaw nga transisyon
Group, period, block 55, d
Gibug-aton sa atomo 92.90638
Kontorno sa elektron [Kr] 4d4 5s1
2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Electron shells of niobium (2, 8, 18, 12, 1)
Electron shells of niobium (2, 8, 18, 12, 1)
History
Pagkadiskobre Charles Hatchett (1801)
First isolation Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand (1864)
Recognized as a distinct element by Heinrich Rose (1844)
Physical properties
Phase magahi
Density (near r.t.) 8.57 g·cm−3
Melting point 2750 K, 2477 °C, 4491 °F
Boiling point 5017 K, 4744 °C, 8571 °F
Heat of fusion 30 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 689.9 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity 24.60 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 2942 3207 3524 3910 4393 5013
Atomic properties
Oxidation states 5, 4, 3, 2, -1
(mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.6 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies 1st: 652.1 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1380 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 2416 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 146 pm
Covalent radius 164±6 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure cubic body-centered
Niobium has a cubic body-centered crystal structure
Magnetic ordering paramagnetic
Electrical resistivity (0 °C) 152 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity 53.7 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion 7.3 µm/(m·K)
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 3480 m·s−1
Young's modulus 105 GPa
Shear modulus 38 GPa
Bulk modulus 170 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.40
Mohs hardness 6.0
Vickers hardness 1320 MPa
Brinell hardness 736 MPa
CAS registry number 7440-03-1
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of niobium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
91Nb syn 6.8×102 y ε - 91Zr
91mNb syn 60.86 d IT 0.104e 91Nb
92Nb syn 10.15 d ε - 92Zr
γ 0.934 -
92Nb syn 3.47×107y ε - 92Zr
γ 0.561, 0.934 -
93Nb 100% 93Nb is stable with 52 neutrons
93mNb syn 16.13 y IT 0.031e 93Nb
94Nb syn 2.03×104 y β 0.471 94Mo
γ 0.702, 0.871 -
95Nb syn 34.991 d β 0.159 95Mo
γ 0.765 -
95mNb syn 3.61 d IT 0.235 95Nb
· r

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